Tools and languages

Stack

Technologies and languages I have used, grouped by domain. Where a project on this site used one, it is listed under it.

Some of my work, for law-enforcement and defence-technology companies among others, is confidential, so not every technology here links to a project.

Where most of my work runs

Back end: C# / .NET
ASP.NET
Node.js
Python
Web, mobile & desktop: React
Angular
Vue
React Native
WPF (MVVM)
Business systems: Salesforce
Dynamics 365
Odoo
Data: PostgreSQL
SQL Server
MongoDB
Redis
Cloud & DevOps: AWS
Azure
Docker
Kubernetes

The full stack

Stack groups

Used in 17 projects

Backend & languages
- C# / .NET
- ASP.NET
- WCF
- Entity Framework
- Dapper
- Own repository / unit-of-work frameworks
- Node.js
- Python
- C++
- Go
- Rust
- Elixir
- PHP
- Java (Keycloak modules)
- VBA
- REST
- GraphQL
- OData
- WebSocket / SSE
- SignalR
- RabbitMQ
Used in 8 projects

Web, desktop & mobile
- Vue
- React
- Angular
- Next.js
- TypeScript
- Plain JavaScript
- Electron
- WPF (MVVM)
- React Native
- Xamarin
- Flutter
- Unity
In-house and confidential work

CRM, ERP & business systems
- Salesforce
- Dynamics 365
- Odoo
Used in 8 projects

Data platforms
- PostgreSQL
- SQL Server
- MySQL
- MongoDB
- Redis
- TimescaleDB
- InfluxDB
- ClickHouse
- Apache Spark
- Parquet
- Elasticsearch
- Cassandra
Used in 4 projects

Cloud & DevOps
- AWS
- GCP
- Azure
- Docker
- Kubernetes
- Terraform
- GitHub Actions
- Serverless
- Linux
Used in 1 project

Architecture & leadership
- Solution & system architecture
- Distributed systems
- Microservices
- Event-driven architecture
- CQRS
- Domain-driven design
- Architecture documentation & decision records
- Air-gapped / secure-by-design delivery
- Technology strategy
- Hiring & team scaling
- Vendor & hardware procurement
- Agile / Scrum
Used in 3 projects

AI & agents
- LangGraph
- LangChain
- CrewAI
- RAG
- Evals
- OpenAI / OpenRouter / Claude APIs
- ComfyUI
- Local inference (Ollama)
- Agentic coding workflows
Used in 3 projects

Identity & security
- Keycloak (custom Java modules)
- OAuth 2.0
- OIDC
- SAML
- SCIM
- LDAP
- JWT
- X.509
- Identity Server
- RBAC / ABAC
- AES-256
Used in 2 projects

Blockchain & Web3
- Ethereum-fork Layer-1s
- Validator / staking nodes
- Solidity
- Hardhat
- ethers.js
- ERC standards
- Smart-contract wallets
- Explorers
Used in 5 projects

Geospatial & mission systems
- CesiumJS
- MapLibre GL JS
- OpenLayers
- deck.gl
- GeoLibre
- QGIS
- PostGIS
- 3D Tiles / glTF
- MIL-STD-2525
- MGRS grids
- Terrain & viewshed analysis
- DEM contours
- Offline tile & terrain sources
- Order-of-Battle simulation
Used in 7 projects

UAV, robotics & embedded
- PX4 (custom firmware)
- ArduPilot
- MAVLink
- ROS
- Fast-DDS
- OpenDDS
- RTI Connext DDS (researched)
- SLAM / VIO
- OpenCV
- NVIDIA Jetson Nano
- Arduino
- STM32
- ESP32
- Raspberry Pi
- Firmware
- OTA firmware
- MQTT
- PCB design
- Antenna tracking
- RF / 4G / satcom links

Backend & languages

C# and .NET (.NET Framework and .NET Core)

C# / .NET used in:
- In-flight entertainment platform for a national Gulf carrier
- .NET Web API framework
ASP.NET MVC & Web API

ASP.NET used in:
- In-flight entertainment platform for a national Gulf carrier
- In-house ERP
- CRM and help-desk platform
- .NET Web API framework
- Fitness-facility platform in the UAE
- Food-delivery platform
WCF
- In-house ERP
Entity Framework
- In-house ERP
Dapper
- .NET Web API framework
Own repository / unit-of-work frameworks
- .NET Web API framework
Node.js (Express, NestJS)

Node.js used in:
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
- Agentic AI systems
- Game and metaverse engine for 100+ games
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
- Incident-reporting analytics platform
Python (Django, FastAPI)

Python used in:
- Agentic AI systems
- Custom UAV platforms
- UAV mission command and control on ROS2 and DDS
- Incident-reporting analytics platform
C++
- Custom UAV platforms
- UAV mission command and control on ROS2 and DDS
- Long-range antenna tracking and multi-link communications
Go
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
Rust
Elixir
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
PHP (Laravel, CakePHP)

PHP used in:
- Home-services marketplace in the UAE
Java (Keycloak modules)
- Enterprise single sign-on for 100,000+ users
VBA
- Where it started
REST
GraphQL
OData
WebSocket / SSE
SignalR
- Food-delivery platform
RabbitMQ

Web, desktop & mobile

Vue 3 (PrimeVue)

Vue used in:
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
- Incident-reporting analytics platform
React
- Game and metaverse engine for 100+ games
Angular
Next.js
TypeScript
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform (related capability)
Plain JavaScript
Electron
- UAV mission command and control on ROS2 and DDS
WPF (MVVM)
- LAN messenger
React Native
Xamarin
- In-flight entertainment platform for a national Gulf carrier
- Fitness-facility platform in the UAE
Flutter
Unity
- Game and metaverse engine for 100+ games
- Unity 3D mobile games

CRM, ERP & business systems

Salesforce
Microsoft Dynamics 365 (Sales, Customer Service, Finance & Operations)
Odoo

Data platforms

PostgreSQL / PostGIS

PostgreSQL used in:
SQL Server
- In-house ERP
- CRM and help-desk platform
MySQL
MongoDB
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
Redis
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
- Incident-reporting analytics platform
TimescaleDB
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
- Time-series telemetry layer
InfluxDB
- Time-series telemetry layer
ClickHouse
- Event and location analytics platform (MVP)
Apache Spark
- Event and location analytics platform (MVP)
Parquet
- Country-scale geospatial data pipeline
- Event and location analytics platform (MVP)
Elasticsearch
Cassandra

Cloud & DevOps

AWS (EC2, ECS, EKS, Lambda, S3, RDS, DynamoDB, SQS, SNS, Route 53, ALB)

AWS used in:
- Enterprise single sign-on for 100,000+ users
- Game and metaverse engine for 100+ games
GCP
Azure (App Services, Functions, DevOps)
Docker
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
- Game and metaverse engine for 100+ games
Kubernetes
Terraform
- Agentic AI systems
GitHub Actions
- Agentic AI systems
Serverless
Linux

Architecture & leadership

Solution & system architecture
Distributed systems
Microservices
Event-driven architecture
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
CQRS
Domain-driven design
Architecture documentation & decision records
Air-gapped / secure-by-design delivery
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
Technology strategy
Hiring & team scaling
Vendor & hardware procurement
Agile / Scrum

AI & agents

LangGraph
- Agentic AI systems
LangChain
- Agentic AI systems
CrewAI
- Agentic AI systems
RAG & vector search (pgvector)

RAG used in:
- Agentic AI systems
Evals
- Agentic AI systems
OpenAI / OpenRouter / Claude APIs
- Agentic AI systems
ComfyUI
- ComfyForge
- Local AI inference lab
Local inference (Ollama)
- Local AI inference lab
Agentic coding workflows
- Agentic AI systems

Identity & security

Keycloak (custom Java modules)
- Enterprise single sign-on for 100,000+ users
OAuth 2.0
- Enterprise single sign-on for 100,000+ users
OIDC
- Enterprise single sign-on for 100,000+ users
SAML
- Enterprise single sign-on for 100,000+ users
SCIM
- Enterprise single sign-on for 100,000+ users
LDAP
- Enterprise single sign-on for 100,000+ users
JWT
- Multi-tenant industrial IoT platform
X.509 / mTLS

X.509 used in:
- Multi-tenant industrial IoT platform
Identity Server
RBAC / ABAC
AES-256
- In-flight entertainment platform for a national Gulf carrier

Blockchain & Web3

Ethereum-fork Layer-1s
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
Validator / staking nodes
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
Solidity
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
Hardhat
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
ethers.js / web3.js

ethers.js used in:
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
ERC-721 / 1155 / 4337

ERC standards used in:
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
- Email sign-in with smart-contract wallets
Multisig & smart-contract wallets

Smart-contract wallets used in:
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure
- Email sign-in with smart-contract wallets
Explorers
- Layer-1 blockchain infrastructure

Geospatial & mission systems

CesiumJS
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
- 2D/3D air-defence engagement proof of concept
MapLibre GL JS
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
OpenLayers
deck.gl
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
GeoLibre
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform (related capability)
QGIS
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform (related capability)
PostGIS
3D Tiles / glTF
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
MIL-STD-2525 / APP-6

MIL-STD-2525 used in:
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
MGRS & H3 grids

MGRS grids used in:
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
Terrain & viewshed analysis
DEM contours
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform (related capability)
Offline tile & terrain sources
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform
- Country-scale geospatial data pipeline
Order-of-Battle simulation
- Air-gapped mission simulation and ORBAT platform

UAV, robotics & embedded

PX4 (custom firmware)
- Custom UAV platforms
ArduPilot
- Custom UAV platforms
MAVLink
- Custom UAV platforms
- UAV mission command and control on ROS2 and DDS
- Long-range antenna tracking and multi-link communications
ROS & ROS2

ROS used in:
- Custom UAV platforms
- UAV mission command and control on ROS2 and DDS
Fast-DDS
- UAV mission command and control on ROS2 and DDS
OpenDDS
RTI Connext DDS (researched)
- UAV mission command and control on ROS2 and DDS
SLAM / VIO
- Perception and autonomy
OpenCV
- UAV mission command and control on ROS2 and DDS
NVIDIA Jetson Nano
- Custom UAV platforms
Arduino
- Custom UAV platforms
- Electronics & devices
STM32
- Custom UAV platforms
- Electronics & devices
ESP32
- Custom UAV platforms
- Electronics & devices
Raspberry Pi
- Electronics & devices
Firmware in C++ and Python

Firmware used in:
- Custom UAV platforms
- Long-range antenna tracking and multi-link communications
- Window-cleaning drone
- Electronics & devices
OTA firmware
- Multi-tenant industrial IoT platform
MQTT (HiveMQ, Mosquitto)

MQTT used in:
- Multi-tenant industrial IoT platform
PCB design
- Electronics & devices
Antenna tracking
- Long-range antenna tracking and multi-link communications
RF / 4G / satcom links
- Long-range antenna tracking and multi-link communications